Penny Travels

Travelling the world, near and far, one step at a time.

Exeter’s Underground Passages

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Shoppers and tourists wander round the city of Exeter many admire the cathedral, the historic Roman wall and the Quayside whilst also making the most of the shops and restaurants. What many of them don’t realise though is what is under their feet. The city has a secret that lies beneath the streets in the form of Exeter’s Underground Passages.

When do the underground passages date from?

The oldest of Exeter’s Underground Passages are believed to date from the 14th and 15th centuries. In addition to the stone Medieval passages are some dating from the Georgian period, which are instead made of brick. It is thought that tours of the passages have been taking place since the 1930s.

A view into a lit up section of the tunnels showing a narrow passageway, but a high ceiling. In the foreground on a horizontal bit of stone across the tunnel is the skeleton of what I suspect is a rat.

Why were the underground passaged built?

The medieval passages were built as part of the work to bring a clean drinking water supply to the city of Exeter. Pipes brought water from nearby springs into the city, but as they realised that pipes often sprang leaks and would need repairing this could be problematic if they had to keep digging up the streets, or properties. Therefore it was decided that the pipes would run in a series of underground passages beneath the city. If a repair was needed plumb res, or their apprentice boys, would descend into the passages and fix it, without any need to disturb what was going on in the city’s streets.

A slightly blurred photo taken in Exeter's Underground Passages showing the back of a small girl wearing a green coat and orange hard hat walking through a stone tunnel. In front of her is someone in a blue coat and orange hat.

There still remains a network of these underground passages beneath the city, although in some places they are blocked up to allow for more modern buildings and things like a bank’s underground safe!

How can you visit Exeter’s Underground Passages?

Exeter City Council own and run the tunnels and the associated visitor centre. They run tours that run Thursday to Sunday, 11am to 4pm. Booking is advised (on the day we went they were all fully booked in advance) and can be done online here. The whole experience lasts about an hour, with some time in the exhibition first, then a video telling you about the tunnels before you go on a guided tour which lasts about 25 minutes.

A reconstruction of some of the tunnels seen in the visitors centre.

What should you know before you go?

Firstly, under 5s are not permitted on tours. Having been down with a five year old I totally understand and agree with this decision. You are walking through cramped, narrow, damp tunnels, with limited head room. You can’t strap a baby to your front or back safely down there and definitely wouldn’t take a pushchair with you!

As I’ve already said, the tunnels are narrow and cramped. Being underground and designed to carry water pipes they are damp in places and there can be puddles underfoot. Wrap up warm, wear sturdy footwear and don’t wear clothes that you’d be upset if they got dirty. When you go in there are free lockers to leave all bags in and you will be given hard hats. There are hard hats for children too. The tunnels are low in places and I was very grateful for the hat as it’s hard not to bump your head a bit as an adult down there.

If you get claustrophobic then this is not the tourist attraction for you.

How much does it cost to visit Exeter’s Underground Passages?

At the time of writing (June 2024) ticket prices were as follows:

  • Adult – £7.50
  • Child – £5.00
  • Concession – £6.00
  • Family (up to 2 adults and 3 children) – £22.00

What did we think about Exeter’s underground passages?

My five year old and I really enjoyed our trip under Exeter. I found the history of the tunnels fascinating, and they weren’t at all what I expected them to be like, so I enjoyed seeing the reality of what lies beneath Exeter’s streets.

A five year old girl wearing a green coat holds her nose whilst lifting up a large flat to reveal what the smell is in the Exeter Underground Passages exhibition.

My daughter enjoyed the tour, but obviously at that age, didn’t take in all the history. She understood that they were for water pipes and the tour guide explained to her and other children on the tour about how children their age would be paid to go down into the tunnels with a cloth soaked in animal fat to fix pipes. This helped her understand exactly what it was that we were seeing and she obviously was quite excited to put on a hard hat and venture somewhere new and different.

The same young girl in green coat and orange hat walks through a brick section of the tunnel. On the righthand side you can see a light rope along the tunnel wall. The photo is slightly blurred, but you can make out the adult in the tunnel infant of the girl who is having to stop slightly due to the low roof.

For much of the tour you are walking in single file down the tunnels and so you can’t always see the tour guide with you. Ours made a great effort to make sure all of us could hear what she was telling us though, but it helps that the groups are relatively small. The tunnels are well lit with an LED light string leading all the way round, but it is tricky to try and take an photos down there as you don’t stay still for long, and when you do it is more to listen than to see anything.

The Underground passages are certainly a unique experience that is well worth booking on to if you’re in Exeter.

Marine Discovery Centre Whitby – AKA The Lobster Hatchery

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Our visit to Whitby coincided with grey skies and pretty much constant heavy drizzle, so after parking the car our first stop was the local Tourist Information Centre to ask what was recommended for bad weather. The local Captain Cook Museum as apparently closed and so instead they suggested the Marine Discovery Centre, which locally is known as the Lobster Hatchery. It is also Whitby’s only aquarium.

A visitor leaflet for the Marine Discovery Centre Whitby. At the top of the leaflet it says Whitby's Only Aquarium and their website URL is at the bottom with a statement saying "book online at:"

Lobsters and Whitby

Whilst I’d say I was familiar with lobsters I have to admit that I don’t know very much about them. What I certainly wasn’t aware of was that Yorkshire Lobsters are the most sought after and expensive in the world! An average of 100,000 lobsters are landed each year by Whitby vessels and the town is the third largest lobster fishery in Europe, behind nearby Scarborough and Bridlington. Yorkshire is basically the lobster capital of Europe. And a mighty fine county for a million and one other reasons too!

The plight of lobsters in the wild

In the wild only 1 in 20,000 lobsters make it from egg to juvenile. That is not a very high success rate. The Marine Discovery Centre Whitby is able to boost that up to 50% in their lobster hatchery. They take eggs from female lobsters and keep them in the hatchery through the larvae stage into them being juveniles, until they are big enough to be released into wild populations. They aim to release 100,000 every year. That’s the same number that are landed by local Whitby vessels.

A blue looking lobster inside a large tank.

What’s at the Marine Discovery Centre, Whitby

I’m not going to lie, the Marine Discovery Centre, Whitby is a small place. Literally one room. There are a total of five tanks with starfish, hermit crabs, anemones and of course lobsters. At fist glance you can be a bit underwhelmed by what there is to see there, but once you read and understand about the work that the Whitby Lobster Hatchery (a marine conservation charity) does then you suddenly look at this place in a whole different light.

Small trapeze shaped cells in a white tray with holes in the bottom to allow water to rise up through them. In most of the cells is a juvenile lobster. You an clearly see their claws and they simply look like miniature versions of adult lobsters.

The tiny juvenile lobsters are utterly fascinating. It’s mesmerising to see them so small and so close, and wonderful to think about what they are doing there to rejuvenate the lobster population. I’ve been to aquariums around the world who are doing various bits of marine conservation work, but never before have I been anywhere focuses just on lobsters.

We went as a family with children varying in age from 5 to 13 and all really enjoyed it, as did the adults.

Visiting the Marine Discovery Centre and Lobster Hatchery

The Whitby Marine Discovery Centre is located on Pier Road on Whitby, almost opposite the famous Magpie Cafe. It’s about a ten minute walk from the train station in the town, and near there are numerous large council car parks.

It is normally open Thursday – Sunday, 10am to 5.30pm, but they do say that they open different hours in the school holidays. Their website actually says they are open to 6pm so if you’re planning a visit it may be wise to contact them first to confirm times.

At the time of writing admission prices are as follows: Adults £5, Children £4, Family £15 (2 adults & 2 children or 1 adult and 3 children), Concessions £4. You can book in advance via their website, but you don’t have to. We bought tickets when we arrived.

Upon arrival there’s just a terminal on the wall that you can purchase tickets from, and then you simply scan a code on your ticket to open the gate to get in. There were a couple of staff around to answer questions, but it’s quite a hands off place to visit.

There’s a small gift shop with some lovely bits produced from recycled products and all sold to support the work of the Whitby Lobster Hatchery. My husband picked up a cord for his reading glasses (were really showing our age now!) that was made from recycled fishing nets.

A five year old girl in a yellow coat sat at a small white table colouring in a picture of a fish.

There was also a table with some colouring for young children and my daughter really enjoyed sitting there colouring in some pictures whilst we continued to look at the tanks and information boards around her.

Whilst we were there I noticed a fellow visitor who was a wheelchair user. The centre is all on one level and appears to have been designed with accessibility in mind.

Marine Discovery Centre Whitby – what we thought

A small, but perfectly formed little aquarium that is supporting and education people on the excellent work being undertaken by conservationists and marine biologists in the lobster hatchery. Perfect to visit with the whole family and a wonderful way to learn more about local marine life.

Looking for somewhere to eat nearby?

If you’re looking for food nearby then I highly recommend the Magpie Cafe across the road from the Marine Discovery Centre. Excellent food and great service in a family friendly cafe. Don’t let the queue put you off. It’s there because the food is excellent and staff are great at getting it moving as fast as they can.

St Albans Clock Tower

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Whilst St Albans Abbey dominates much of the skyline of the Hertfordshire medieval city the nearby Clock Tower is also very worth a visit. Said to be the oldest medieval town belfry in England, it is located at the end of Market Place in St Albans and can be visited at certain times in the year.

A view from the ground looking up at St Albans Clock Tower

The History of St Albans Clock Tower

Completed in 1405 and paid for by the people of St Albans, the Clock Tower was seen as a protest by the local people against the Abbey’s ability to regulate time-keeping in the town (as St Albans was at the time as it was not made a city until 1877).

The location of the clock tower is close to the site of the Eleanor Cross which stood in the town. In total there were twelve crosses erected between 1291 and 1294 to mark the nightly resting places of Eleanor or Castile’s (wife of King Edward I) funeral procession. The cross at St Albans cost £113 to build and was constructed in 1291, however the top section of the St Albans Eleanor Cross was destroyed during the English Civil War, and the rest of the monument was later demolished.

The Clock Tower’s Structure

The Clock Tower has a total of five stories, each being slightly smaller than the one below. The ground floor was originally a shop, with the shopkeeper living on the first floor.

The large bell inside the clock tower

The second floor of the tower was the living quarters of the clock keepers with the third floor housing the clock and related mechanism. The fourth floor houses the bells. There are two bells in the tower. A large one, and a smaller market bell which was rung to signify the opening of St Albans market to people who were not freemen of the city.

The St Albans Clock Tower as a Shutter Telegraph Station

During the Napoleonic Wars the Clock Tower’s height and location meant that it was used as a shutter telegraph station allowing semaphore messages to be sent between a total of 15 stations between London and Great Yarmouth in less than five minutes. A wooden hut was built on the roof of the tower, with the semaphore shutter equipment above it. This hut was removed in 1852.

An example of a shutter telegraph. A wooden from with six large white squares on it that are pivoted in their middles horizontally so they can be flipped. The squares are arranged two across and three down. On each white square is a large red circle.

The Clock Tower Today

St Albans Clock Tower is a well known local landmark in the city and features prominently in many pictures. At Christmas it is usually lit up beautifully with festive lights. The Clock Tower is under the care of St Albans City and District Council and is open to visitors at specific times.

Refurbishment of the clock means that this is now run electrically.

Commit No Nuisance

One other frequently photographed part of the clock tower is a door round the back with the words “Commit No Nuisance” carefully written at the top in white.

A wooden door set into the stone and flint tower with the words "Commit no nuisance" written on them at the top neatly in white paint.

This polite instruction was apparently written in 1915 and from a report of the St Albans Council’s Highways and Plans and Nuisances Sub-Committee (what a brilliant name!), dated 19 July 1915, it is recorded, ‘Attention has been called to the fact that nuisances are frequently committed by persons near the door on the west side of the Clock Tower, and urine finds its way under the doorway, and your Sub-Committee have given instructions for the step down to the door to be filled in with concrete and flaunced off to stop any liquid getting into the building and have directed that a warning notice should be put up on the door against committing nuisances.’

What an utterly bonkers but brilliant bit of history!

Visiting the St Albans Clock Tower

The Clock Tower is open to visitors every weekend and Bank Holiday from Good Friday through until late September. Visitors can arrive between 10.30am and 5pm. There is a charge of £2 for adult. Accompanies children are free of charge.

A small open doorway into a flint building. On teh railings are a large copy of the St Albans shield and a sign saying that you can climb the 93 steps to the top and what it costs.

In the shopkeeper’s quarters on the first floor of the tower is an example of a Shutter Telegraph system.

A view of a small stone turret on teh top of teh clock tower which is where you emerge from the stairs onto the roof.
Where you emerge from onto the roof of St Albans Clock Tower

There are a total of 93 steps to climb to reach the top and it should be noted that this is a steep stone spiral staircase. Once you are at the top there is a magnificent 360 degree view of the surrounding city.

A view form the roof of teh clock tower towards St Albans Abbey
A view towards St Albans Abbey
A view from the top of St Albans Clock Tower towards the market
A view towards St Albans’ Market Place

More details about the clock tower, and a video tour, can be found on the St Albans Museums website here.

Looking for more things to do and places to visit in Hertfordshire?

Why not see where else Penny has travelled to in Hertfordshire or the neighbouring counties of Bedfordshire and Buckinghamshire.

Vintage Water Chute, Northstead Manor Gardens, Scarborough

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I love vintage seaside attractions and was therefore delighted to find the vintage Water Chute in Northstead Manor Gardens, Scarborough. Located right next to the station for the North Bay Railway, close to Peasholm Park and originally dating from 1932, this is one of only three water chutes left in the UK.

A view showing the timber building from which the water chute is launched and the metal track leading down into the lake. You can see a railway track passing under the metal track of the water chute. On the side of the building is a large banner reading "Scarborough North Bay Railway Water Chute"

The water chute operates by running down a short ramp from a timber cabin, into the lake’s waters. You are then hauled back up the ramp, backwards, by a big cable, before being released down into the lake for a second time.

In comparison to modern day log flumes, it’s actually quite a sedate ride with little danger of getting really wet. But if you think back to how it must have felt to ride the water chute back in 1932 when people weren’t used to fast rollercoasters and fairground rides throwing them all over the place, it must have been quite an exhilarating ride after a genteel walk round the nearby Peasholm Park.

History of the Vintage Water Chute

The water chute was designed by Charles Wicksteed, a name that many parents may have spotted on playground equipment across the UK. The Wicksteed company (now Wicksteed Leisure Limited) still make playground equipment and the words of their founder are proudly written on their website:

“The Play Ground should not be put in a corner behind railings, but in a conspicuous and beautiful part of a Park, free to all, where people can enjoy the play and charming scenery at the same time; where mothers can sit, while they are looking on and caring for their children”

The vintage water chute in Scarborough is the third oldest in the country and one of only three surviving such rides from before the Second World War. Historic England describe it as “as an evocative example of early 20th Century amusements aimed primarily at children and families, with a rider experience that is the same as when the ride first opened”.

The first water chute was opened in Earl’s Court in London in 1893 and this was followed by chutes at Southport Pleasure Beach (1903) and Blackpool Pleasure Beach (1907). They were incredibly popular in their day and I’m particularly intrigued having seen photos of the one that was next to Southend Pier in Essex.

Remaining vintage water chutes in the UK

Today two more vintage water chutes survive. The most famous example is at Wicksteed Park in Kettering (linked to Charles Wicksteed as the name suggests) and in East Park, Hull. When we went on the water chute in Scarborough the man running things was incredibly knowledgeable about the history of the chute and about Charles Wicksteed himself. He informed me that the Hull chute has been modernised and electrified over the years and as such is often broken. That’s certainly backed up by this article about the boat derailing only months after it was reopened with great fanfare following a refurbishment.

Scarborough’s Vintage Water Chute

The red boat part of the water chute which looks a bit like a basic sleigh that Father Christmas might ride in. This is taken at the top of the water chute and you can see the gap in the barriers where the boat will pass through to go down the metal ramp into the lake below.

The vintage water chute in Scarborough is run by the people behind the neighbouring North Bay Railway. You buy tickets for the chute in the shop bit of the railway before climbing up to the top of the chute to take your ride.

Tickets cover two goes on the chute and at the time of writing (April 2024) are £3.50 per person.

The water chute was refurbished by the owners of the North Bay Railway back in 2007. At points before that the ride was part of the Kinderland activity park that was on the site but time saw it become derelict and under threat of permanent closure. The water chute became Grade II listed in 2017.

What else to do in Scarborough

Looking for other things to do in the Scarborough area? Why not see where else we have visited in this North Yorkshire seaside town here.

Peasholm Park, Scarborough

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I’ve always been a fan of a municipal park. Years ago I used to have a regular client that I visited on the train. To get from tree station to his office you could walk through the park there which featured the usual flowerbeds and fountains, but also a delightful aviary and a small boating lake. My colleague and I would often take the longer route round the park and many a conversation took place about what made a good park and why we didn’t seem to create good ones anywhere any more. Country parks with vast lakes still get built, or you get “community spaces” shoehorned in between buildings, but it’s ages since I think I’ve heard of a good municipal park in a town or city.

As a child we have many holidays in Scarborough and one memory I have very clearly is of visiting Peasholm Park in an evening, just as it was getting dark, and seeing colourful lanterns all lit up around the lake there. I’ve always wanted to go back and see how accurate my memory was and finally this latest trip gave me time to do so.

The sign for Peasholm Park listing what there is to do there. At the bottom it says "Home to the Famous Naval Warfare Show"

History of Peasholm Park

Scarborough’s Peasholm Park originally opened to the public in 1912 and has remained a municipal park since that day. It was particularly popular in the pre and post World War Two days. The park saw a decline in use in the 1970s as the number of people visiting Scarborough (and other similar seaside towns) decreased, but Heritage Lottery Funding has helped restore much of it. In 1999 Pesholm Park was granted grade II listed status by English Heritage.

A view of the pagoda on the island in the middle of the lake at Peasholm Park. In front of it is a water cascade into the lake.

Peasholm Park is orientally themed, with a pagoda on an island in the middle of the boating lake there. It is said that the design of the pagoda is based on that seen on Willow Pattern pottery. With a waterfall leading from the pagoda down into the lake it is certainly not quite what you expect to see in a municipal park in a Yorkshire seaside town!

If you want to find out more about the history of Peasholm Park then the Peasholm Park Friends have a useful page on their website.

Visiting the park

Peasholm Park is free to visit and is open twenty four hours a day, 365 days of the year. As well as on street parking on neighbouring streets, and along the North Bay’s seafront, there is also a pay and display car park at the north end of the park, opposite the North Bay Railway.

What is there to do at Peasholm Park?

Peasholm Park offers so many different things for all members of the family. As well as just walking around and soaking up the atmosphere visitors can take in the Peasholm Glen Tree Trail which features rare and unusual trees. During one piece of restoration work the Dicksonian Elm, which was though to be extinct, was found to be growing in the Peasholm Glen.

The lake is a central part of the park and in season visitors can hire rowing boats or dragon shaped pedalos to go round the lake on. Hire tickets are purchased from one of the buildings near the lake before queuing up on the lakeside to take one out. I was delighted to see that lanterns are still strung along the edges of the lake, although we only visited during the daytime and so didn’t see them illuminated.

A view across the lake at Peasholm Park, Scarborough. In the distance you can see the Pagoda on the island in the middle of the lake. On the water are a variety of ducks and dragon pedalos.

There are plenty of benches for people to sit and take in their surroundings, and also an ice cream kiosk, a cafe, bandstand and a putting green. Signs point to a pitch and put course, but that seemed to be abandoned and overgrown when we tried to find it. Interestingly it still features though on North Yorkshire Council’s uninformative webpage on the park.

Naval Battles on the lake

Possibly one of the most surprising things that goes on at Peasholm Park are the naval battles on the lake. I’ve not been fortunate enough too see these in person, but three times a week in the summer the Battle of Peasholm is reenacted on the lake. 20ft electrical and man powered replica boats take to the water and since WW2 act out the Battle of the River Plate. It all sounds utterly bonkers and I do hope to return to see it for myself but until then I’m making do with this description and a couple of videos I’ve found on YouTube. The best has to be when it was featured on The One Show back in 2022 though.

What is nearby?

Whilst visiting Peasholm Park, you might want to see what else is in that part of Scarborough. Right across the road from the north end of the park is the North Bay Railway. This short train ride can take you right out to Scalby Mills Station, which is right next to the Scarborough Sealife Centre. It makes a great alternative to driving there.

That’s not all the North Bay Railway has to offer though. In the gardens next to Peasholm Station, you can also ride on the vintage Water Chute, go on the Sky Trail or take to the lake in a boat or a zorb ball. If all that sounds too strenuous you can also just pick up an ice cream and enjoy watching others.

A short walk from there takes you to the refurbished Scarborough Open Air Theatre. Built originally in 1932, the theatre actually closed in the 80s, but then 2010 saw the venue reopen after a major renovation. Now tube venue has welcomed the likes of Kylie and Westlive with Status Quo and Tom Jones due to play there in 2024.

It is also a short walk from the park along the north bay seafront where you can find crazy golf and a skate park as well as the usual array of ice cream vendors. Marine Drive is a fantastic spot for a bracing walk (and great for kids on scooters) and it’s a brilliant location to watch the waves come crashing in when the weather turns. Be warned though that if the sea is particularly wild then they will close the road for safety reasons!

What else is there to see and do in Scarborough?

Want to know what else we’ve got up to on previous trips to Scarborough? Then take a look here for posts covering things we have done in Scarborough over the years.

Central Tramway Company – Scarborough’s Cliff Railway

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Scarborough is a popular North Yorkshire seaside town that many think of as on two levels. The bays are obviously at sea level, but the main part of the town with shops and accommodation is at the top of the cliff. Walking down to the bay can be quite nice, but the trip back up, especially after a long day is hard going. Even more so if you have children with you. There’s no wonder then that over the years Scarborough has had a total of five cliff lifts, or cliff railways, and two of them remain operational today. Possibly the most famous being the Central Tramway Company.

A picture of the outside of the lower station on teh Central Tramway Company. The sign reads Victorian Tramway to Town.
The entrance to the tramway on the South Bay

Where to find Scarborough’s Cliff Railway

Running on Scarborough’s South Bay the top station is located between the Grand Hotel and the Town Hall and the bottom one is next to the massive Olympia amusement arcade. For most of the year the railway runs 7 days of the week, with only some weekday closures in December and January for maintenance. Normally open by 10am, the railway runs until 9.45pm in the summer months.

The history of Scarborough’s Cliff Railway

Originally built in 1881 the Central Tramway got its name because its was centrally located between two other cliff railways in the town – the South Cliff Tramway Company (now the Spa Cliff Lift, which is still operating) and the Queens Parade Cliff Lift (closed in 1887).

Inside one of the tramcars. Fares correct as of April 2024.

The first Tramway (the South Cliff one) linked the hotels of the South Cliff Esplanade with the panoramic South Bay beach and entertainment venue of the Spa and had been so popular with tourists that local business men were keen to repeat that success.

The Central Tramway Company now holds the position of the oldest surviving Tramway Company in the UK.

Technical facts

The gauge of the railway is 4 ft 8+1⁄2 in (1,435 mm) and there is a track length of 248 feet (76 m). There is a gradient of 1:2. The tramway being a funicular means that both cars are attached to each other with cables and as one car ascends the other descends.

At the Central Tramway the two cars are named Grand and Olympia. They are identical (with the exception often placement of a small wooden mouse) and the names are mainly used for operational and engineering purposes to differentiate between the two. The cars are driven remotely by a driver who sits in a booth at the top station.

A carved wooden mouse sitting on a plaque on the window sill own a moving tramcar.
A wooden mouse found inside one of the tramcars

Tramway practicalities – when does it run and how much does it cost?

The Central Tramway provides an on demand service, so there is no need to book. Both stations have been through a significant refurbishment and make the most of their Victorian heritage in the way this has been done incredibly sympathetically. The two tram units themselves were refurbished in 2022 and, along with work to install a new Programmable logic controller drive system in 2019, means that the system makes the most of modern computer technology and the latest safety measures.

A picture of one of the tramcars half way down the tracks and the second car visible just starting its ascent. The bottom station and the sea can be seen in the background.
A tramcar leaving the top station in 2019

You pay for Scarborough’s Cliff Railway at the top station. If you’re coming up from the bay you pay upon exiting once at the top station. At the time of writing a return ticket costs £2.60 and one way is £1.40. Children 5 and under are free.

A picture showing the top station. The long building has a small clocktower on top, is mainly wooden in construction painted in cream and Burgundy. The words Tramway to Beach are along the side of the building and at the end it says Victorian Tramway to the beach.
The top station, located between the Town Hall and the Grand Hotel in Scarborough

At the top station is a small “shop” (more of a display unit with things to buy on it!) which is perfect if you want a little something to remember your trip from. Disappointingly, no sew on badges to be had, but sadly that seems to be the way in so many places lately.

For more details on the Central Tramway Company then take a look at their website.

Did you know?

Scarborough’s Grand Hotel, located near the Tramways top station) was spared from destruction in the Second World War as it is believed that Hitler had identified it as where he wanted to rule Britain from once he had invaded!

A fan of a cliff railway?

If you are then why not take a look at what we thought of the Southend Cliff Lift when we visited there and you can also read there about the difference between a cliff railway and a cliff lift, and so we should really be referring to this as Scarborough’s Cliff Funicular. Real cliff lift, railway and funicular fans may also be interested in this book which they were selling at the small shop they have at the top station, or this wider covering one.